Efecto del fotoperiodo y del medio de cultivo en la embriogénesis somática y análisis histológico del proceso en la yuca Manihot esculenta Crantz

Abstract

<p>This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different photoperiods on the formation of somatic embryos, as­sess the effect of BAP and GA₃ on em­bryo development and germination, and carry out an anatomical analysis of somatic embryogenesis of cassava. Pro­longed photoperiods markedly increased the number of explants that formed so­matic embryos. BAP was not basic to the development of somatic embryos, whe­reas GA₃ was fundamental to embryo germination and their transformation into plants. The induction and differentiation of the embryogenicicells involved the pro-mesophyll of the inmature leaves, in par­ticular. Embryo formation in cassava fo­llows a pattern of multicellular origin.</p> <p> </p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>ES-CO</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> 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mso-default-props:yes; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} .MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; margin-bottom:10.0pt; line-height:115%;} @page WordSection1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif]--> <p class="Style4" style="margin-top: 8.4pt; line-height: 12pt;"><span class="FontStyle82"><span style="font-size: 9pt;" lang="ES-TRAD">Se evaluó el efecto de varios fotoperiodos en la formación de embriones somáticos en la yuca; se registró el efecto del BAP y del AG³en el desarrollo y la germinación de los embriones, y se realizó el análisis anatómico de la embriogénesis somática en la yuca. Fotoperíodos prolongados in­crementaron notoriamente el número de explantes que formaron embriones somá­ticos; el BAP no fue básico en él desarro­llo de los embriones somáticos mientras que el AG³ fue fundamental en la germi­nación de los embriones y en su transfor­mación en plantas. La inducción y dife­renciación de las células embriogénicas se desarrolló en el promesofilo de las ho­jas inmaduras principalmente. La forma­ción de los embriones somáticos siguió un patrón de origen multicelular.</span></span></p>

Keywords

• fotoperiodos
• embriones somáticos
• yuca
• análisis anatómico
• embriogénesis somática