Analysis of the Efficiency of a Batch Boiler and Emissions of Harmful Substances during Combustion of Various Types of Wood
Grzegorz Pełka,
Mateusz Wygoda,
Wojciech Luboń,
Przemysław Pachytel,
Artur Jachimowski,
Marcin Paprocki,
Paweł Wyczesany,
Jarosław Kotyza
Affiliations
Grzegorz Pełka
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Mateusz Wygoda
Department of Product Technology and Ecology, College of Management and Quality Sciences, Cracow University of Economics, ul. Rakowicka 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland
Wojciech Luboń
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Przemysław Pachytel
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Artur Jachimowski
Department of Product Technology and Ecology, College of Management and Quality Sciences, Cracow University of Economics, ul. Rakowicka 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland
Marcin Paprocki
Department of Product Technology and Ecology, College of Management and Quality Sciences, Cracow University of Economics, ul. Rakowicka 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland
Paweł Wyczesany
Department of Product Technology and Ecology, College of Management and Quality Sciences, Cracow University of Economics, ul. Rakowicka 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland
Jarosław Kotyza
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
In the paper, the authors focused on the environmental problems of pollution emissions caused by households using batch boilers fired with solid fuels. The aim of this study is to analyse the course of changes in the actual efficiency and emission of a solid fuel updraft boiler, the most popular type of batch boilers used in Poland in recent years. The subject of analysis is the comparison of the values of atmospheric emissions of harmful substances depending on the type of wood burnt in the boiler. The investigation comprises the combustion characteristics of three types of woody biomass (in billets), i.e., pine, birch, and beech. Based on the carried out research of all billets, the beech has the lowest values of CO (3497 mg/m3) and particulate matter (116.9 mg/m3). Despite this, obtained results exceed the current permissible limits based on the standard PN:EN 303-5:2012. The highest efficiency (54.13%) was obtained for birch billets, the lowest for pine (45.13%). The research has shown that the real heating efficiency during the combustion of wood, irrespective of the type of wood being burnt, is low. To summarise, the outdated installations contribute to air pollution several times higher, which indicates the need to replace inefficient heat sources using solid fuels with modern equipment that meets the most stringent standards.
