The Stability and Properties of Polystyrene/Kaolinite Nanocomposites during Synthesis via Emulsion Polymerization

José Costa de Macêdo Neto; Bruno Mello de Freitas; Adalberto Gomes de Miranda; Reinaldo de Almeida Rodrigues; Gilberto Garcia Del Pino; Antônio Claudio Kieling; Marcos Dantas dos Santos; Sergio Duvoisin Junior; Antônio Estanislau Sanches; Israel Gondres Torné; Cláudia Cândida Silva; João Carlos Martins da Costa; Roger Hoel Bello

doi:10.3390/polym15092094

Polymers (Apr 2023)

The Stability and Properties of Polystyrene/Kaolinite Nanocomposites during Synthesis via Emulsion Polymerization

José Costa de Macêdo Neto,
Bruno Mello de Freitas,
Adalberto Gomes de Miranda,
Reinaldo de Almeida Rodrigues,
Gilberto Garcia Del Pino,
Antônio Claudio Kieling,
Marcos Dantas dos Santos,
Sergio Duvoisin Junior,
Antônio Estanislau Sanches,
Israel Gondres Torné,
Cláudia Cândida Silva,
João Carlos Martins da Costa,
Roger Hoel Bello

Affiliations

José Costa de Macêdo Neto: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Bruno Mello de Freitas: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Adalberto Gomes de Miranda: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Reinaldo de Almeida Rodrigues: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Gilberto Garcia Del Pino: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Antônio Claudio Kieling: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Marcos Dantas dos Santos: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Sergio Duvoisin Junior: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Antônio Estanislau Sanches: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Israel Gondres Torné: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Cláudia Cândida Silva: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
João Carlos Martins da Costa: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
Roger Hoel Bello: Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092094
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 15, no. 9
p. 2094

Abstract

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The aim of this work was to study the stability and morphological properties of polystyrene latex containing kaolinite as a filler during the process of synthesis of nanocomposites viaemulsion polymerization. Nanocomposites with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of kaolinite were prepared. Latexes with 1 to 3 wt% of kaolinite were stable during the polymerization reaction. Hydrodynamic diameters of 93.68 and 82.11 nm were found for latexes with 1 and 3 wt% of kaolinite, respectively. The quantities of 1 to 3 wt% of kaolinite added during the reaction did not influence the reaction conversion curves or the number of particles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and unconventional techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed the presence of exfoliated and intercalated structures of the kaolinite.

Published in Polymers

ISSN: 2073-4360 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers/

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