Recurrence and Survival Rates of Patients Who Undergo Minimally Invasive Surgery for Endometrial Carcinoma with Different Prognostic Risk Groups

Abstract

Objective To compare the recurrence rate and prognosis between minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approach and open surgical approach of endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients with different prognostic risk groups. Methods A retrospective analysis of all cases undergoing EC surgery between January 2011 and March 2018 was performed. The patients were grouped according to the management guidelines of EC patients jointly formulated by the ESGO/ESTRO/ESP 2020. Different surgical approaches were compared with regard to tumor characteristics, recurrence rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Results A total of 665 patients met the inclusion criteria of which 196 patients underwent MIS (29.5%), and 469 patients underwent open surgery (70.5%). In the MIS group, there was a significant higher rate of recurrence (17.3% vs 6.6%, P = 0.000) compared to the open surgery group. The recurrence rate of MIS was 7.7% (P = 0.000) in the medium-high risk group and 8.2% (P = 0.014) in the high-risk group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent factors influencing recurrence included prognostic risk grouping, surgical approach and lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI) positivity (P < 0.05). K-M survival analysis revealed that in the intermediate and high-risk group of EC, MIS patients had a significantly lower DFS than those undergoing open surgery (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found in OS. Conclusions For patients with EC at moderate and high prognostic risk, MIS is associated with poorer DFS compared to open surgery, but OS was similar across prognostic risk groups. The application of MIS in patients with moderate and high-risk EC needs further research and analysis.

Keywords

• endometrial carcinoma
• minimally invasive surgery
• prognosis
• open surgery