An analysis of clinical and pathological features of 32 cases of juvenile xanthogranuloma

Abstract

Objective: To summarize the clinical and histopathological features of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). Methods: The clinical manifestations and histopathological findings of 32 children with juvenile xanthogranuloma diagnosed and treated in our hospital from December 2011 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The lesions were yellow or tawny, also red or dark red, papules and nodules on the head, face, trunk or limbs. There was a case with external skin symptoms. Histopathological features can be divided into three types: early juvenile xanthogranuloma (12.50%), the pathology showed a large number of histocytes infiltration, with scattered multinucleate giant cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophilic cells; mature juvenile xanthogranuloma (78.12%), the pathology showed typical foam cells, multinucleated giant cells and typical Touton giant cells; transitional juvenile xanthogranuloma (9.38%), the pathology showed spindle-shaped cells, histocytes and multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemical results were CD68 (+), CD1a (-), Langerin (-) and S-100 (-). Conclusion: The diagnosis of JXG can be made according to the typical skin lesion characteristics and pathological findings, while pathological examination is necessary to reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

Keywords

• juvenile xanthogranuloma
• clinical manifestations
• histological features
• immunohistochemistry