Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
Breeding improvement of winter wheat on the trait ‘falling number’
Abstract
Breeding improvement of winter wheat on the trait ‘falling number’ The researches were conducted on the experimental base of FSBSI ‘Samara RIA’ in 205-2016. The crop was sown in fallow land. The experiment was conducted four times. The area of the plots was 25m2. The meteorological conditions during the years of study largely varied in the amount of precipitations in the period ‘earing-maturing’ that allowed selecting varieties with resistance to stress factors and estimating the effect of genotype and vegetation conditions on the formation of the trait ‘falling number’. The variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 380’ showed the largest expressivity of the trait with 408s, the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 616’ - 416s, the variety ‘Biryuza’ - 401s, the variety ‘Santa’ - 366s. Genotype has got a determining effect on the formation of the trait ‘falling number’. The share of the genotype in the range of the trait was of 68%, the share of the environmental conditions was 24%. The winter wheat varieties ‘Bezenchukskaya 380’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 616’ and ‘Biryuza’ showed high genotypic flexibility and compensatory resistance to stresses during the years of study. As genetic sources of the trait ‘falling number’ we recommend using the following varieties and lines in winter wheat breeding: ‘Bezenchukskaya 380’, ‘Biryuza’ and ‘Yunona’; ‘Ferrugineum 897’, ‘Lyutestsens 898’ with the falling number of 353-406s and with other valuable traits and properties (grain productivity of 3.65-4.56 t/ha, plant height of 74-101 cm, bread volume of 858-993 ml, general baking assessment of 4.3-4.8 p). The new lines of winter wheat ‘Ferrugineum 897’and ‘Lyutestsens 898’ developed in FSBSI ‘Samara RIA’ are of special interest due to their economic-valuable traits and properties.
