Effect of dietary Citrus sinensis peel extract on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, muscle biochemical composition, and metabolic enzyme status of the freshwater fish, Catla catla

Abstract

Abstract Background The present study was made to assess the effects of dietary Citrus sinensis peel extract on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, muscle biochemical compositions, profiles of fatty acid and amino acid, and metabolic enzyme status of the freshwater fish Catla catla. The methanolic extract of C. sinensis peel was supplemented with basal diets at 2, 6, and 10 g kg−1 and fed to C. catla for a 45-day experiment period. Results Fish fed with the different concentrations of C. sinensis peel-supplemented extract showed significant (P ˂ 0.05) improvement in the survival, growth, muscle biochemical compositions, digestive enzyme activities, and profile of amino acids and fatty acids when compared to control. Among these different concentrations, 6 g kg− 1 C. sinensis-supplemented diet produced a significantly better performance when compared to other concentrations. Similarly, the insignificant (P > 0.05) difference was observed in the metabolic enzyme activities (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase) in all concentrations of C. sinensis peel-supplemented diet-fed fish. It indicates that the supplemented peel extract did not produce any adverse effect on C. catla. Conclusion The obtained results suggested that the 6 g kg− 1 of C. sinensis can be supplemented in the diet of C. catla for regulating better survival and growth.

Keywords

• Citrus sinensis
• Catla catla
• Amylase
• Glutamic pyruvic transaminase
• Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase