Mìkrobìologìâ ì Bìotehnologìâ (Dec 2018)
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE COMPLEX USE OF MICROBIAL FORMULATIONS AND FUNGICIDES FOR THE DISEASES CONTROL AND PRODUCTIVITY INCREASE OF VEGETABLE CROPS
Abstract
The introduction of biotechnologies into the practice of land use, the reduction or replacement of chemicals by bioformulations, including microbial, are relevant for modern crop production. To date, a wide range of biological products based on soil bacteria has been developed, they are used to increase plant productivity and crop quality, protect plants from harmful organisms, and reduce the rate of mineral fertilizers and pesticides application. Aim. To study the effect of the complex use of microbial preparations Azotobacterin and Biophosphorin together with fungicides on the tomatoes, cucumbers, white cabbage diseases development and their productivity under field cultivation. Methods. Microbiological methods of micromycetes isolation from infected plants tissues; morphological and physiological methods of identification of phytopathogenic micromycetes of Alternaria, Pseudoperonospora and Fusarium genus; methods of field studies; methods of determination of diseases development and the effectiveness of protective action of biopreparations Azotobacterin (based on Azotobacter chroococcum ІМВ В-7171), Biophosphorin (based on Bacillus megaterium ІМВ В-7168) and fungicides Acrobat MC, Quadris 250 SC, Infinito 61 SC, Ridomil Gold MC 68 WG; statistical methods. Results. The bioformulation Azotobacterin and its composition with Biophosphorin in the mixtures with such fungicides as Acrobat MC, Quadris 250 SC, Infinito 61 SC, Ridomil Gold MC 68 WG with reduced consumption rates have provided a protective effect against pathogens at the level of fungicides with full consumption rates and the increase in yield of vegetable crops by 11–39% compared to control. Conclusions. Application of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-mobilizing bacteria together with fungicides with the reduced consumption rates contributed to decrease of the tomatoes, cucumbers, white cabbage diseases control and increase in their yield, which makes possible to reduce the pesticide load on agrocenosis by an average of 17-33% and has significant environmental and economic importance.
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