Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care (Jan 2020)

Esophageal carcinoma: An epidemiological analysis and study of the time trends over the last 20 years from a single center in India

  • Dhaval Choksi,
  • Kailash M Kolhe,
  • Meghraj Ingle,
  • Chetan Rathi,
  • Harshad Khairnar,
  • Shamshersingh G Chauhan,
  • Vipul Chaudhary,
  • Akash Shukla,
  • Vikas Pandey

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1111_19
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9, no. 3
pp. 1695 – 1699

Abstract

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Background and Aims: Esophageal carcinoma is a common gastrointestinal malignancy. There is a paucity of literature about the time trends from India. The aim of the study was to evaluate the time trends over 20 years and observe how they differ from the West. Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 552 patients from the gastroenterology database (single department, single-center) over a period of 20 years from 1996 to 2015. The study period was split into two groups, namely, Group A (1996 to 2005) and Group B (2006 to 2015). Results: There were 263 patients in Group A and 289 patients in Group B. The mean age was 54.83 years (range 25–89 years). There were 345 males and 207 females, with the ratio being 1.67. The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 443 patients (80.25%). The most common location was mid esophagus with 229 patients (41.48%) followed by 208 patients (37.68%) in the lower esophagus. There was no significant increase in the lower esophageal malignancy. However, there was a significant increase in the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and adenocarcinoma (AC). There were no other time trend changes in gender, location, or histology. Conclusion: SCC is still far more common than AC in India. The mid esophagus is the most common site. There is no evidence of an increase in the lower esophageal malignancy in our study for over 20 years. However, the rates of GEJ-AC were found to be increasing.

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