FEATURES OF MISCANTHUS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPENDING ON THE QUALITY OF PLANTING MATERIAL

Abstract

The article deals with the issues of the peculiarities of the growth and development of the bioenergy crop - miscanthus and the reliticity of the rhizomes depending on the quality of the planting material - the number of buds on the planted rhizomes. A research has found that the more buds on the rhizomes, than the higher percentage of rooting. On average, over three years, the highest survivability - 57% was in rhizomes, which had 9 or more buds. In rhizome with 4-8 buds it was lower. The lowest rooting - 36% was by the rhizome with 1-3 buds planting. It was revealed that weather conditions were significantly influenced on the rigidity of the rhizomes. Thus, in 2016, it was the lowest in all variants, due to excessive moisture of the soil and the formation of whole water saucers, which led to roasting and rotting of rhizomes planted. Miskanthus is badly perceives a high level of groundwater and excessive humidity, but in April of 2016 the precipitation fell by 139.1%, and in May 137.9% of the average multi-year indicator. It was revealed that in all phases of crop growth and development, plant height, the area of the assimilation surface of leaves, the number of leaves, and the number of shoots was more intense than in the rhizomes seeding, which had 9 or more buds. For rhizomes seeding with 4-8 buds, these indices were also significantly higher than in control (rhizomes seedling with 1-3 buds), but a significant difference compared with the variant where the rhizomes was planted with 9 or more buds. By planting rhizomes with 1-4 buds (control) between plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, number of shoots, the number of buds on the rhizomes and roots mass is found the strong direct correlation, the correlation coefficient was accordingly – 0.95 0.91, 0.58, 0.63 and 1.00. The similar results were obtained for planting rhizomes that had 4-8 and 9 or more buds. That is, an increase of the mass contributed to an increase in the growth of the rhizome mass, and accordingly - the output of the planting material - rhizomes. For rhizomes seeding with 9 or more buds, the intensity of the growth of the miscanthus earth mass was most intense and, accordingly, the largest was of the rhizome mass, which was 1339.6 g or in 2.5 times greater than that on the control.