Finds from Shiroky Buerak Settlement

Abstract

The article deals with wearing-apparel components, mirrors, objects of arms, horse equipment, daily life, trade and mass material, including pottery of the second half of the 13th – 14th cc. from Shiroky Buerak settlement situated in periphery of the Golden Horde city Ukek in Saratov district of Saratov region and studied by expedition of Kazan University under supervision of L.F. Nedashkovsky in 1996 and 2001–2002. Numismatic finds from the site, which covered area more than 6.8 ha and had the cultural layer with more than 60 cm width, belong to the Golden Horde mintage of the last third of the 13th с. – beginning of the 1360s. Wearing-apparel components are represented by belt bracket, the armament – by fragment of bronze mace-head, horse equipment – by bit, cinch buckles and harness rings, clothes details – by button and little bell, articles of trade – by weight-seal. The daily life objects analyzed in the article include rivets, handle, fragments of vessels, piece of copper sheet, fragments of castiron cauldrons, iron bucket handle, sickle, locks, bronze coupling and fragment of bone handle of knifes, ram’s knucklebone with aperture, poured with lead, awl, knifes, nails. Overall data on the mass archaeological material, including pottery wares, found on the settlement, represented by spindle-whorl, Golden Horde, Old Russian, Mordvin wares, fragments of the Trebizond amphorae and glazed vessels, is provided in the article. Morphological features of wares are examined in the article on the basis of typology with involvement of the broad comparative background of materials of synchronous monuments. This complex characterizes material culture of the Golden Horde village of the Lower Volga region, which, judging by the published materials, differed from material culture of city and town, situated nearby.

Keywords

• settlements
• rural sites
• the golden horde
• the lower volga region
• the region of uvekskoe site
• material culture
• individual finds
• pottery