Mejoramiento del potencial agrícola de lodos digeridos anaeróbicamente con el uso de cal

Abstract

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mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Este estudio evaluó la técnica de secado térmico natural en lechos de secado para la deshidratación de lodos digeridos de una laguna anaerobia que trata aguas residuales domésticas y la influencia sobre la eficiencia de la deshidratación y remoción de patógenos y huevos de helmintos por la adición de diferentes porcentajes de cal viva (CaO), 20%, 40% y 65% en peso, con el objetivo de mejorar el potencial uso agrícola del material. En general, se observó un efecto desfavorable sobre la eficiencia del proceso de deshidratación cuando la cal fue adicionada al inicio, recomendándose una reducción de humedad del lodo hasta un rango entre 65% y 70% antes de la adición de la cal; este nivel de deshidratación fue alcanzado después de 7 a 9 d de secado. El rango de cal evaluado garantizó la elevación del pH hasta 12 unidades durante el tiempo de contacto suficiente para la remoción de patógenos y parásitos. En las condiciones en que fue realizado el estudio, esta investigación mostró que el mejor tratamiento para remover patógenos y huevos de helmintos correspondió a la adición de 20% en peso de cal viva<em>. </em>Las características del material producido permiten sugerir su uso con fines agrícolas como reemplazo total o parcial de fertilizantes químicos, mejoradores de suelos, compostaje, etc., para lo cual se recomienda la realización de pruebas a nivel de invernadero.</span></p>