Anti-tumor synergistic activity of nano-chlorophyll with sonophotodynamic on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

Abstract

Background and objective: Cancer is a major health problem that threatens the life of many people with an increasing need for anticancer therapy. The present work aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using sonophotodynamic modality (exposure of infra-red laser as photodynamic) and to the ultrasound as sonodynamic modality in combination with nano-chlorophyll, for cancer therapy through histopathological assessment in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell implanted to mice as experimental animals. Methods: A total of 120 male mice were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell was inoculated subcutaneously in all the experimental mice. When the tumor had grown to about 10 mm in diameter at day 10 after inoculation, treatments were started. Experimental groups were investigated histopathologically two weeks after treatments. Results: The histological evaluation revealed that tumors from various treated groups of mice bearing the tumor showed different percentages of necrosis and tumor proliferation based on the type of treatment. Tumor excised from mice receiving sonophotodynamic with nano-Chlorophyll treatment showed a significant increase of necrosis about 15 – 25% compared to other groups without nano-chlorophyll as a sensitizer. The group of mice subjected to the combination of photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy in the presence of nano-Chlorophyll, showed large foci distinct necrosis areas 95% of large distinct foci of necrosis in the tumor and no tumor proliferation. Conclusion: The anti-tumor activity of nano-chlorophyll in combination with sonophotodynamic therapy for Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice was effective.

Keywords

• sonodynamic therapy
• photodynamic therapy
• sonophotodynamic therapy
• nano-chlorophyll
• histopathology