Sporotrichosis: a case series from a reference center in the Amazon

Abstract

Background: Sporotrichosis is the most prevalent subcutaneous mycosis in Latin America, being considered endemic in the state of Pará, with high morbidity. Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze epidemiological data, characteristics, and clinical outcome of patients with sporotrichosis treated at a reference service in tropical dermatology in the Amazon region. Methods: Analysis of cases observed between 2020 and 2022, with a diagnosis confirmed by anatomopathological study and culture for sporotrichosis. Clinical data, evolution, and therapeutic approach were collected in the researchers’ own protocol. Results: There were 7 patients with a female predominance (71.4%), average age of 32 years. 57% of the cases presented the lymphocutaneous form, and only 1 patient expressed the extracutaneous form. All patients used oral itraconazole, requiring the association of oral potassium iodide and amphotericin B eye drops for ocular sporotrichosis. The average treatment duration was 7 months and all cases resolved completely. Conclusion: Data allowed the analysis of clinical diversities, the therapeutic approach, and the clinical outcome. The importance of early diagnosis is emphasized, especially in endemic areas, to institute the most appropriate treatment, reducing the number of cases.

Keywords

• Sporotrichosis. Cutaneous sporotrichosis. Lymphocutaneous sportothrichosis. Sporotrichosis epidemiology. Feline sporotrichosis. <i>Sporothrix brasiliensis</i>.