International legal aspects of using space technologies in disaster management

Abstract

The frequency and severity of natural disasters and technogenic catastrophes are constantly increasing, to overcome their consequences is becoming more difficult, which leads us to the relevance of the article. Space technologies, specifically remote sensing of the Earth, meteorology, navigation systems and telecommunications, play an essential role in the field of disaster prevention and management. The author analyzes the conceptual and categorical apparatus used in this field, and also analyzes the international legal framework. The article is devoted to the review and analysis of the various international initiatives aimed at the use of the obtained information by space activities for the prevention, mitigation and implementation of aid operations. In the article is determined the presence of the legal obligations of an early warning for natural disasters in the international law.

Keywords

• бедствия
• стихийные бедствия
• техногенные катастрофы
• космическая метеорология
• спутниковые системы навигации и телекоммуникаций
• дистанционное зондирование Земли
• Международная Хартия по космосу и крупным катастрофам
• СПАЙДЕР-ООН
• Всемирная метеорологическая организация
• обязательство раннего предупреждения