Sleep and sleep deprivation differentially alter white matter microstructure: A mixed model design utilising advanced diffusion modelling
Irene Voldsbekk,
Inge Groote,
Nathalia Zak,
Daniël Roelfs,
Oliver Geier,
Paulina Due-Tønnessen,
Lise-Linn Løkken,
Marie Strømstad,
Taran Y. Blakstvedt,
Yvonne S. Kuiper,
Torbjørn Elvsåshagen,
Lars T. Westlye,
Atle Bjørnerud,
Ivan I. Maximov
Affiliations
Irene Voldsbekk
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Corresponding authors.
Inge Groote
Computational Radiology and Artificial Intelligence (CRAI), Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Nathalia Zak
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Daniël Roelfs
Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Oliver Geier
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Paulina Due-Tønnessen
Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Lise-Linn Løkken
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Marie Strømstad
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Taran Y. Blakstvedt
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Yvonne S. Kuiper
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Lars T. Westlye
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Atle Bjørnerud
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Computational Radiology and Artificial Intelligence (CRAI), Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Ivan I. Maximov
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway; Corresponding authors.
Sleep deprivation influences several critical functions, yet how it affects human brain white matter (WM) is not well understood. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of 32 hours of sleep deprivation on WM microstructure compared to changes observed in a normal sleep-wake cycle (SWC). To this end, we utilised diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) including the diffusion tensor model, diffusion kurtosis imaging and the spherical mean technique, a novel biophysical diffusion model. 46 healthy adults (23 sleep deprived vs 23 with normal SWC) underwent DWI across four time points (morning, evening, next day morning and next day afternoon, after a total of 32 hours). Linear mixed models revealed significant group × time interaction effects, indicating that sleep deprivation and normal SWC differentially affect WM microstructure. Voxel-wise comparisons showed that these effects spanned large, bilateral WM regions. These findings provide important insight into how sleep deprivation affects the human brain.
