Blood glucose and lipids are associated with sarcoidosis: findings from observational and mendelian randomization studies

Yuan Zhan; Jiaheng Zhang; Ruonan Yang; Zhesong Deng; Shanshan Chen; Jie Feng; Jixing Wu; Qian Huang; Yiya Gu; Jungang Xie

doi:10.1186/s12931-023-02663-4

Respiratory Research (Jan 2024)

Blood glucose and lipids are associated with sarcoidosis: findings from observational and mendelian randomization studies

Yuan Zhan,
Jiaheng Zhang,
Ruonan Yang,
Zhesong Deng,
Shanshan Chen,
Jie Feng,
Jixing Wu,
Qian Huang,
Yiya Gu,
Jungang Xie

Affiliations

Yuan Zhan: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jiaheng Zhang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Ruonan Yang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zhesong Deng: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Shanshan Chen: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jie Feng: Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jixing Wu: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Qian Huang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yiya Gu: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jungang Xie: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-023-02663-4
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 25, no. 1
pp. 1 – 10

Abstract

Read online

Abstract Background Several researches have demonstrated that patients with sarcoidosis accompanied with the abnormality in blood glucose and/or lipids, however, the causal relationship between them remains uncertain. To elucidate the potential association and causality of blood glucose and lipids with sarcoidosis, we conducted a propensity score matching (PSM)-based observational study combined with mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods All subjects in this study were retrospectively collected from Tongji Hospital during 2010 and 2023. 1:1 PSM was employed to control the potential confounders as appropriate. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the associations of sarcoidosis with fasting glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), total cholesterol (TC), and total triglyceride (TG). The further subtype analysis was also conducted. Afterwards, a bidirectional MR analysis based on public data deeply explored the causality among the 5 candidate traits and sarcoidosis, for which the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the main inferring approach. Results In the observational study, a total number of 756 subjects were enrolled, with 162 sarcoidosis patients and 594 non-sarcoidosis participants, while 160 pairs of subjects were matched after PSM. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that HDLC (OR: 0.151; 95% CI: 0.056–0.408; P < 0.001) and TC (OR: 3.942; 95% CI: 2.644–5.877; P < 0.001) were strongly associated with sarcoidosis. Subtype analysis showed that low HDLC was independently correlated to risk of lesions in bronchus and lungs, and mediastinal lymph nodes, while high TC was to cervical lymph nodes. In MR analysis, high fasting glucose, low HDLC, and high TC were identified as the causal factors of sarcoidosis. Conclusion HDLC and TC had the potential to influence the risk of sarcoidosis, which could be regarded as predictors and may provide new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for sarcoidosis.

Published in Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-9921 (Print); 1465-993X (Online)
Publisher: BMC
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the respiratory system
Website: https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/

About the journal

Abstract

Keywords