Plasma neuropeptides as circulating biomarkers of multifactorial schizophrenia

Abstract

Background: Promising biomarkers would be used to improve the determination of diagnosis and severity, as well as the prediction of symptomatic and functional outcomes of schizophrenia. Basic procedures: In this study, we used three different mouse models induced by a genetic factor (PV-Cre; ErbB4−/−, G group), an environmental stressor (adolescent social isolation, G group), and a combination of genetic factor and environmental stressor (PV-Cre; ErbB4−/− mice with isolation, G × E group). Attenuated PPI (%) confirmed the successful establishment of three schizophrenia-like mouse models. To evaluate whether neuropeptide levels in plasma would be potential biomarkers of different schizophrenia models in our work, we used MILLIPLEX® MAP method to simultaneously measure 6 critical neuropeptides in plasma. Main findings: Among the evaluated neuropeptides, increased neurotensin tends to be associated with genetic factors of schizophrenia, increased orexin A seems to be a biomarker of an interplay between genetic and social isolation, while higher plasma oxytocin might be more apt to be responsive to social isolation. The potential biomarkers are mostly independent of sex. Conclusions: This research would provide novel clues to develop circulating biomarkers of plasma neuropeptides for multifactorial schizophrenia. Keywords: Schizophrenia, Neuropeptides, Biomarkers, Genetic factor, Social isolation, Dual-hit model