Primary acquired cryptorchidism: narrative review

Abstract

Introduction. Primary acquired cryptorchidism is the absence of a testicle into the scrotum in a boy with a descended testicle previously documented. In our country, the fact that such pathology exists is denied. However, this disease is recognised by many foreign urological associations of urologists.Objective. To analyse the accumulated research material and show different state-of-the-art on some aspects of the problem of primary acquired cryptorchidism based on a review of the modern medical literature.Materials & methods. Literature review was conducted in domestic and foreign databases: FEMB (Federal Electronic Medical Library), eLIBRARY, PubMed from 1987 to 2023. Keywords were used for the search: primary acquired cryptorchidism, ascending testicle, acquired undescended testicle. One-thousand-fifteen literature sources were reviewed, 49 works were included in the review.Results. The nomenclature, definition and epidemiological data of primary acquired cryptorchidism are reviewed. The main views on the aetiology of the process are named and risk factors are listed. The clinical symptoms and signs, diagnosis and treatment methods are revealed. Treatment results are shown and follow-up guidelines are given.Conclusions. It is necessary to conduct further scientific and practical research to inform doctors in our country about the existence of this pathology.

Keywords

• review
• primary acquired cryptorchidism
• children
• undescended testis
• ascending testis