Nutritional compositions of native mudskipper (Apocryptes bato) fish influenced by sex: A first report on nutritional profiling of mudskipper in Bangladesh

Abstract

Native mudskipper (Apocryptes bato) is a freshwater fish species found in the riverine coastal area of Bangladesh. However, nutritional compositions of this fish are still unknown. Thus, as pioneer report, the study aims to determine the chemical compositions, minerals content, amino acids and fatty acids profiles of male and female native mudskipper collected from the Payra River in Bangladesh. The results revealed that female mudskipper had significantly (p < 0.05) higher protein, lipid, ash and energy content in comparison to male mudskipper. The total essential amino acid (EAA) ratio in male (299.59 ± 3.90 mg/g) was observed to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in contrast to female (250.86 2.04 mg/g) that maintains the FAO/WHO minimum guidance about 40 % for both sexes. With respect to fatty acids content, female were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 8.54 %) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 4.89 %) than in male of EPA (6.31 %) and DHA (3.60 %), respectively. However, male had significantly (p < 0.05) higher atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic (TI) index in comparison to female. The lipid indices (p < 0.05) HH, HPI, FLQ and ω-3/ω-6 ratio showed higher 1.14, 1.40, 15.04 and 3.76 for female that was little lower for the male 1.05, 1.21, 11.11 and 3.41, respectively. Female had significantly (p < 0.05) higher mineral levels than male. The study summarize that both male and female species are nutrient enriched including higher minerals, essential amino acids and lipid quality indices. Thus, it could be concluded that nutritionally both male and female mudskipper could be benefited for the human health.

Keywords

• Chemical compositions
• Amino acid
• Fatty acid composition
• Nutritional indices
• Mineral contents
• Native mudskipper