Protective effects of nobiletin against metabolic and reproductive disturbance in letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent metabolic and endocrine disorder that affects women globally. This research was planned to evaluate the curative effects of nobiletin (NOB) on biochemical, metabolic, androgenic as well as histological parameters of PCOS induced rats. 24 female albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups: Group-I served as control. Group-II was treated with letrozole (1 mg/kg) (dissolved in 0.5 % CMC) for 21 days, for the induction of PCOs. Group III received letrozole (1 mg/kg) and metformin (2 mg/100 g) for 21 days. Group-IV received letrozole 1 mg/kg and NOB 10 mg/kg for 21 days. Testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, triglycerides, antioxidants (CAT, SOD, GSR, GPx, GST, GSH,), reactive oxygen species, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glucose, cholesterol level (HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Non-HDL-C) as well as histopathological analysis of ovaries were performed. However, nobiletin treatment demonstrated beneficial effects by lowering testosterone levels, glucose levels, cysts, and improving estradiol and progesterone level as well as number of follicles and corpus luteum in PCOS rats. Furthermore, dysregulated lipid as well as anti-oxidant profiles in PCOS rats were reverted to the normal level. The current investigation demonstrated that NOB shows the ability to mitigate the irregularities associated with PCOS.

Keywords

• Nobiletin
• Metformin
• Letrozole
• Polycystic ovarian syndrome
• Oxidative stress