Linchuang shenzangbing zazhi (Jan 2020)
Epidemiological investigation of urinary calculi among the permanent residents in Basu County,Tibet Autonomous Region and analysis on its influencing factors
Abstract
Objective This paper tries to investigate the epidemiological characters of urinary calculi among the permanent residents in Basu County,Tibet Autonomous Region and to analyze the influencing factors.These results are expected to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of urinary calculi in this area and the whole Tibetan plateau.Methods By using stratified cluster random sampling method,we enrolled 7359 permanent residents in 34 administrative villages from 3 towns and 1 townships in Basu County,Tibet Autonomous Region from September to December in 2019.The questionnaire was employed to investigate the demographic data,the living and dietary habits,and the family history of disease.Urinary calculi was diagnosed by type B ultrasonography.Local drinking water quality was also analyzed.Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted on the influencing factors for urinary calculi in local residents.Results Among the 7 359 subjects,1 119 subjects were diagnosed with urinary calculi with a prevalence rate of 15.21%.The prevalence rate of urinary calculi has statistically significant differences among populations with different genders,ages,marital status(P<0.05).Univariate analysis also showed that smoking,BMI,drinking water amount,drinking before sleeping,the frequency of eating green vegetables also influenced the incidence of urinary calculi in the local residents(P<0.05).The investigation on the special dietary habits in Tibetan areas also showed that the prevalence rate of urinary calculi was significantly different among populations with different daily drinking amount of buttered tea and highland barley wine,different frequency of eating beef and mutton,and different drinking water quality(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that age,gender,smoking,drinking before sleeping,the daily drinking amount of buttered tea and highland barley wine,and the drinking water quality were the independent influencing factors of urinary calculi(P<0.05).The test of drinking water quality showed that the content of calcium and magnesium exceeded the standard in the drinking water in Basu County,especially in the mountain spring water and the well water(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of urinary calculi among the permanent residents in Basu County,Tibet Autonomous Region is relatively higher.Some influencing factors are consistent with the plain area,and there are also other factors including the environment,the dietary habits unique to Tibetan areas.The prevention and treatment of urinary calculi in Tibet should be carried out by pointing to these high risk factors.
