Филологический класс (Mar 2023)
What Do Village Household Head Names Tell Us about?
Abstract
The article deals with the little-studied fact of the existence of village surnames based on the nickname of the head of the family. The urgency of addressing this topic is due to the rapidly shrinking sphere of Russian dialects and the need to preserve them in their current state. The scope of research embraces specific household (street) names, recorded in the secondary dialects of the Central Chernozem region. The aim of the study is to analyze the household names of village families in two remote settlements of Voronezh region, reflected in the speech of the native dwellers. The experimental and descriptive linguistic methods are used in the study. As a result, 73 names subdivided into 5 groups are represented on the pages of this article. Their classification is based on the motivation feature, the method of nomination and the nature of the derived stem. The paper considers the names that go back to the nicknames of the fathers, given according to occupation or position; event or episode from life; according to known facts, imitation of famous people, heroes or similarity with them; culinary preferences or events related to food and drink; and according to religious ideas. The reason for their emergence is explained by the established tradition of communication. In the recorded anthroponymic nomenclature, nicknames are mainly formed by suffixation. The book of names includes, among other things, variable nicknames: their carriers have 2 and 3 household names. The study argues that the encrypted data store information about the realities of the village life in detail. The modern linguistic situation of the settlements under observation reflects the peculiarities of the way of life with its joys and difficulties, regional anthroponymicon, and the household nicknames in the role of family nominations. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that a unique village anthroponymicon is described through the rich contexts of rural speech. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the factual data supplement regional research with new information and may be of interest to everyone who is engaged in the study of proper names and living folk words, displayed in the dialectal picture of the world.
Keywords
