Development of Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Technique for Detection of Aristolochic Acid I in Dried Root of Aristolochia tagala Cham.

Abstract

Aristolochic acid (AA) and its derivatives, found in Aristolochia spp. have been reported to be nephrotoxic and car- cinogenic agents. Dried root of Aristolochia tagala Cham. (ATC) is a crude drug used in many Thai traditional herbal recipes. A simple and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography technique (UHPLC) for quantitative analysis of AA-I in ATC was established in this study. The method was validated for linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), precision, repeatability, and accuracy. The most appropriate mobile phase was the mixture of 2% acetic acid and ace- tonitrile (62:38) and the suitable detection was at 395 nm. The calibration curve showed excellent linearity with R2 equal to 0.9999. LOD and LOQ were determined to be 0.8 and 2.0 µg/mL, respectively. The recovery was 101.7%. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra-day and inter-day precision were less than or equal to 1.37. RSD of the repeatability test was less than or equal to 1.86. The amount of AA-I found in ATC was 0.237 %w/w at 395 nm.

Keywords

• Aristolochic acid
• Aristolochia tagala Cham
• Homnawakod
• ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)