Patients with ocular trauma treated at the emergency department of the provincial hospital of Las Tunas, 2019

Abstract

Background: ocular traumas are one of the main causes of unilateral vision loss.Objective: to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients with ocular trauma treated at the emergency department of the “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna” General Teaching Hospital of Las Tunas, from January through December 2019.Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out with a sample of 130 patients (130 eyes) with the criteria defined in the objective and who had a medical history with all the data needed for the research. The following variables were assessed: age and sex, affected eye, relationship between etiology and causative agent, type of lesion, as well as behavioral pattern of visual acuity and treatment.Results: traumas were more frequent in patients between 31 and 40 years of age (34,6 %); in the male sex; in 22,3 % of the cases they were corneal foreign bodies, with a predominance of metals. 46,9 % of the open traumas were in category 3 according to OTS, with a score between 66 and 80. 46,9 % of the patients before treatment had a vision between 0,4 to 0,7. When assessing visual acuity at six months, 71,2 % achieved a vision between 0,7 and 1. In most of the cases (71 %), medical-pharmacological treatment was performed, the rest required surgical treatment.Conclusions: characteristics of the patients with ocular trauma were described. Most of them progressed positively to treatment.

Keywords

• optic nerve injuries
• vision, low
• eye injuries
• eye health