Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (Dec 2010)
Análise em longo prazo na síndrome coronariana aguda: existem diferenças na morbimortalidade? Análisis a largo plazo en el síndrome coronario agudo: ¿Existen diferencias en la morbimortalidad? Long-term analysis in acute coronary syndrome: are there any differences in morbidity and mortality?
Abstract
FUNDAMENTO: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) tem grande importância como preditor de morbimortalidade em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). OBJETIVO: Avaliar os preditores de morbimortalidade na SCA em longo prazo. MÉTODOS: Foi um estudo de coorte de 403 pacientes consecutivos com queixas de dor torácica. Descreveram-se dados demográficos, clínicos, laboratoriais e terapêuticos, sendo avaliados durante a internação e até oito anos após alta, em relação à presença ou ausência de eventos cardiovasculares e óbitos. RESULTADOS: Foram 403 pacientes com queixas de dor torácica, em que 65,8% apresentavam diagnóstico de SCA sem supra de ST, 27,8% SCA com supra de ST e 6,5% sem SCA. Destes, foram avaliados os 377 pacientes com SCA, em que 37,9% eram do sexo feminino, e a média de idade foi de 62,2 ± 11,6 anos. A presença de IC antes ou durante a hospitalização influenciou a mortalidade. Dos fatores prognósticos, a creatinina inicial merece destaque, sendo o ponto de corte de 1,4 mg/dl (acurácia = 62,1%; HR = 3,27; p FUNDAMENTO: La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) tiene gran importancia como predictor de morbimortalidad en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo (SCA). OBJETIVO: Evaluar los predictores de morbimortalidad en la SCA a largo plazo. MÉTODOS: Fue un estudio de cohorte de 403 pacientes consecutivos con quejas de dolor torácico. Se describieron datos demográficos, clínicos, de laboratorio y terapéuticos, siendo evaluados durante la internación y hasta ocho años después del alta, en relación a la presencia o ausencia de eventos cardiovasculares y óbitos. RESULTADOS: Fueron 403 pacientes con quejas de dolor torácica, en que 65,8% presentaban diagnóstico de SCA sin supra de ST, 27,8% SCA con supra de ST y 6,5% sin SCA. De estos, fueron evaluados los 377 pacientes con SCA, en que 37,9% eran del sexo femenino, y la media de edad fue de 62,2±11,6 años. La presencia de IC antes o durante la hospitalización influenció la mortalidad. De los factores pronósticos, la creatinina inicial merece destacarse, siendo el punto de corte de 1,4mg/dL (precisión=62,1%; HR=3,27; pBACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is extremely important as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictors of morbidity and mortality in ACS in the long term. METHODS: A cohort study of 403 consecutive patients with complaints of chest pain. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and therapy-related data were described and the patients were evaluated during hospitalization and for up to eight years after being discharged, for the presence or absence or cardiovascular events and deaths. RESULTS: There were 403 patients complaining of chest pain, 65.8% of whom had been diagnosed as having ACS without ST elevation, 27.8% had ACS with ST elevation and 6.5% without ACS. Among such patients, the 377 patients with ACS were evaluated (37.9% of whom were females), and the mean age was 62.2 ± 11.6 years. The presence of HF before or during hospitalization influenced mortality. Among the prognostic factors, emphasis should be placed on the initial creatinine level, with the cutoff point being set at 1.4 mg/dl (accuracy = 62.1%, HR = 3.27; p < 0.001). We noted a worse prognosis for each additional ten years of age (HR = 1.37, p < 0.001) and for each increment of 10 bpm heart rate (HR = 1.22 p < 0.001). As for the therapies used before and after 2002, there was an increase of beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), statins and antiplatelet agents, having an impact on mortality. CONCLUSION: HF upon admission, creatinine, age and HR were independent predictors of mortality. It was observed that HF patients treated before 2002 had a worse survival when compared with that seen after 2002 and the change in therapy was responsible for it.
