Finansmana Erişim Kanalları Ülkelerin Gelişmişlik Düzeyine Göre Farklılaşıyor Mu?

Abstract

This research focuses on the relationship between the income level of countries and their financial access channels. In this context, data about accession to finance by World Bank are used. These channels are defined as bank, family, relatives, friends, and savings clubs. In the study, banks are defined as formal institutions, while family, relatives, friends, and savings clubs are defined as informal institutions. The data covers the years 2011, 2014, and 2017. The income level of countries is classified into four categories based on the World Bank’s data. Correlation and ANOVA tests were implemented to understand the relationship and differentiation between the use of these mechanisms and countries’ income classification. Our findings indicate that as long as the income level of countries increases, people conduct formal institutions to get access to finance, while the income level of countries, people conduct informal institutions to get access to finance. ANOVA results showed that the income level of countries and the rate of using formal and informal institutions differ significantly.

Keywords

• access to finance
• formal institutions
• informal institutions
• development