PLoS ONE (Jan 2021)

Megacystis in the first trimester of pregnancy: Prognostic factors and perinatal outcomes.

  • Emmanuelle Lesieur,
  • Mathilde Barrois,
  • Mathilde Bourdon,
  • Julie Blanc,
  • Laurence Loeuillet,
  • Clémence Delteil,
  • Julia Torrents,
  • Florence Bretelle,
  • Gilles Grangé,
  • Vassilis Tsatsaris,
  • Olivia Anselem

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255890
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 9
p. e0255890

Abstract

Read online

ObjectiveTo determine whether bladder size is associated with an unfavorable neonatal outcome, in the case of first-trimester megacystis.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective observational study between 2009 and 2019 in two prenatal diagnosis centers. The inclusion criterion was an enlarged bladder (> 7 mm) diagnosed at the first ultrasound exam between 11 and 13+6 weeks of gestation. The main study endpoint was neonatal outcome based on bladder size. An adverse outcome was defined by the completion of a medical termination of pregnancy, the occurrence of in utero fetal death, or a neonatal death. Neonatal survival was considered as a favorable outcome and was defined by a live birth, with or without normal renal function, and with a normal karyotype.ResultsAmong 75 cases of first-trimester megacystis referred to prenatal diagnosis centers and included, there were 63 (84%) adverse outcomes and 12 (16%) live births. Fetuses with a bladder diameter of less than 12.5 mm may have a favorable outcome, with or without urological problems, with a high sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (87.3%), area under the ROC curve = 0.93, 95% CI (0.86-0.99), pConclusionBladder diameter appears to be a predictive marker for neonatal outcome. Fetuses with smaller megacystis (7-10 mm) have a significantly higher chance of progressing to a favorable outcome. Urethral stenosis and atresia are the main diagnoses made when first-trimester megacystis is observed. Karyotyping is important regardless of bladder diameter.