The Incidence of CD28 Gene Polymorphism (rs3116496) and Gene Expression with Oral Carcinoma in Some Iraqi Samples

Abstract

Background:Oral carcinoma is one kind of cancer that develops in the cavity of the oral, lip, tongue, gingiva, and oropharynx. The World Health Organization (WHO) illustrated that oral carcinoma is among the most prevalent cancers in the world, considered the sixteenth most malignant, which is commonly prevalent, and the fifteenth reason that causes mortality in the world. Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association between oral carcinoma with single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs3116496) and CD28 (cluster differentiation 28) gene expression. Materials and Methods:Samples were collected from 61 control and 61 patients with early squamous oral carcinoma from the gum diseases department/Fallujah specialized center. Then we investigated the variation of CD28 polymorphism and gene expression of CD28 using real-time PCR. Results:The results showed that there are significant differences between patients and control in the TT genotype of codominant models with P = 0.003 and OR = 8.89. There were significant differences in the dominant and recessive models with P = 0.03 and 0.008, and OR = 2.4, 7.2, respectively. In addition, the T allele showed significant differences between patients and control with P = 0.002 and OR = 2.61. However, in the CD28 gene expression there were no significant differences between patients and control. Conclusion:The genotype TT and allele T of SNP of the CD28 gene are considered risk factors in oral carcinoma.

Keywords

• (rs3116496)
• cd 28
• gene expression
• oral carcinoma