EFFECT OF TILLAGE METHODS, MINERAL FERTILIZERS, HERBICIDES AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL, PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT

Abstract

The results of researches of effect of tillage methods, mineral fertilizers, herbicides and growth regulators on physical properties of soil, productivity formation and quality of winter wheat have been given in the paper. It was found out those basic technological elements of winter wheat cultivation (i.e. tillage, fertilizers, herbicides and growth regulators) had no significant effect on hardness of soil. During a vegetation period of the crop soil was friable in the layer of 0-10 cm with 8,2 kg/m2 and in the layer of 0-25 cm with 17,6 kg/m2. In average bulk density of the soil was the same during three years and was optimal for winter wheat cultivation. There was no authentic difference in storage and use of soil moisture under various tillage. During basic periods of plant growth the moisture of a meter soil layer was unsatisfactory (closer to 0). Fertilizing of winter wheat according to different tillage systems increased gluten content from 1,1 to 1,2% and protein content from 0,7 to 0,8%. The tillage systems had no effect on crop productivity, the difference between the variants with various tillage was insignificant and within an experimental error. The use of fertilizers with two systems of tillage increased the productivity of the crop from 1,7 to 2,7 c/ha. With the introduction of integrated agro-chemicals (fertilizers, herbicides and regulators) the productivity increase was 2,7-3,4 c/ha in average.

Keywords

• winter wheat
• growth regulators
• tillage
• herbicide
• fertilizers
• productivity
• quality