PRENATAL RISK FACTORS FOR THE FORMATION OF GROWTH DISORDERS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LUNGS OF A NEWBORN

Abstract

Morphofunctional immaturity of the lungs is one of the main reasons for the development of respiratory disorders in a premature newborn. Respiratory pathology in premature infants is mainly due to a violation of the growth and development of lung tissue. The maturation of the lungs in the fetus occurs throughout pregnancy, which determines the importance of studying the influence of maternal somatic pathology and pregnancy complications on the development of the child's lungs. This paper analyzes literature databases, including randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the involvement of prenatal risk factors (gestational diabetes mellitus, placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, oligohydramnios) in impaired development of fetal and newborn lung tissue. The participation of hormones, vitamins, markers of angiogenesis and cytokines in the development of the lungs has been demonstrated.

Keywords

• lung maturity
• premature newborns
• complicated pregnancy
• preeclampsia
• oligohydramnios
• placental insufficiency
• hypovitaminosis
• gestational diabetes mellitus