Modern approach to the diagnosis of cardiovascular disorders newborns at perinatal risk in the neonatal period

Abstract

In order to improve and systematize the approach to the diagnosis of cardiovascular disorders in newborns by comprehensive assessment of Doppler echocardiography parameters, biochemical markers (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels) and polymorphic variants of C786T in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, T58C in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase gene (MnSOD2) and Ser49Gly in β1-adrenoceptor gene (ADRB1), 133 newborns were examined, 73 of them were at perinatal risk (group 1) and 60 — healthy full-term neonates (group 2). According to the results of the study, biventricular dysfunction is detected in 19.1 % of children in group І, among them 4 (5.5 %) children were found to have systolic-diastolic and 10 (13.6 %) newborns — diastolic dysfunction of the heart ventricles. Besides, 12 (20.0 %) pre-term infants and 4 (30.7 %) newborns with intrauterine growth retardation had hypokinetic type of central hemodynamics accompanied by elevated levels of LDH and GGT in serum and changes in the diastolic filling of the heart ventricles. The study showed an association between SS genotype of eNOS gene polymorphism and contractile capacity of the left ventricular myocardium, the integral function of the left ventricle according to Tei index in pre-term infants from the perinatal risk group, carriers of C allele by MnSOD2 gene polymorphism and pulmonary hypertension in the neonatal period. The presence of GG genotype of ADRB1 gene polymorphism can be considered as a predictor for the development of hypokinetic regimen of central hemodynamics.

Keywords

• cardiovascular disorders
• newborns
• neonatal period