Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición (Sep 2004)
Lipemia postprandial en adultos jóvenes de diferentes etnias en Colombia
Abstract
La lipemia postprandial como factor asociado a aterogénesis está correlacionada con el desarrollo de Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ECNT). Con el objetivo de determinar factores que modifican lipemia postprandial en respuesta a ingesta mixta de carbohidratos-lípidos en adultos jóvenes de diferentes etnias, se realizó estudio descriptivo no aleatorio con 51 sujetos (23.8± 4años) sanos, con registro de datos personales, clasificación étnica; Test Corto Insulina, prueba de lipemia postprandial, cálculo de índice masa corporal (IMC) y Área Bajo la Curva(ABC) para evaluación postprandial. Alta porcentaje (80%) con antecedentes familiares de ECNT y sedentarismo. Los resultados mostraron promedios altos de ABC de glucosa, triglicéridos y Ácidos Grasos No Esterificados(AGNE); El ABC de glucosa con diferencias por edad(pPostprandial lipemia in colombian young adults from different ethnias. Postprandial lipemia has been associated with atherogenesis an other non infectious chronic diseases. A descriptive, non aleatory study of 51 healthy young adults (23.8 ± 4 years) of different ethnic background was carried out to identify possible personal or life style factors associated with the response of plasma lipids after a mixed carbohydrate and lipid load. Personal, family, life styles including use of drugs and activity and ethnic background were recorded. Anthropometrical measurements, a short insulin and postprandial lipemia tests were done. From these observations body mass index (BMI) and area under the curve (AUC) for lipids and glucose were calculated. High mean values were observed in AUC for glucose, triacylglycerol and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Postprandial glucose with differences by age (p=0.05 Bonferroni) but no ethnic, gender, BMI or insulin sensitivity related significant differences were found. Mestizos (40%) showed two, and Negroes three (27%) postprandial triglyceridemia peaks. Noteworthy, subjects presenting four peaks had elevated BMI. Higher triglyceridemia values were found in white and mestizos (p<0.05), in subjects older than 29 and in males(p<0.05). Statistical correlation (r²=0.70) between BMI and triglyceridemia and change in postprandial trigliceridemia was found in white and black subjects. NEFA declined up to the second hour, but at 6-7 hours they reached levels higher than base values. Higher than reported values for UCA and BMI and an abnormal response to fat intake with an early release of NEFA was found. The high correlation between BMI and postprandial trigliceridemia suggests that body mass index could be a good predictor of postprandial trigliceridemia.
