Status and Influencing Factors of Dyslipidemia, Hypertension and Diabetes Comorbidities among Kazakhs in Xinjiang

Abstract

Background Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among Chinese residents, hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, China proposes to implement the co-management of these three diseases. At present, there is a lack of relevant research on the three diseases comorbidities of the Kazakhs in Xinjiang. Objective To investigate the prevalence and status of dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes comorbidities among Kazakhs, and explore the related factors. Methods Kazakh residents over 18 years old from Dure Town and Tuerhong Township with large populations mainly consist of Kazakh in Fuyun County, Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang from March to June in 2022 were selected to conduct the cross-sectional study. Patient information was collected through questionnaires (general information, history of smoking, alcohol consumption, and diseases), physical examination (waist circumference, hip circumference, height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, etc.), and laboratory tests (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and fasting blood glucose, etc.). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors related to dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes comorbidities among Kazakhs. Results A total of 4 835 Kazakh residents were included, 48.2% (2 231/4 835) and 51.8% (2 504/4 835) were male and female respectively, with an average age of (45.8±12.7) years. The standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were 37.9%, 21.1% and 4.0%, respectively. The standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertriacylglycerolemia in the dyslipidemic population was 24.1%, 24.8%, 10.0% and 7.3%, respectively. The standardized prevalence of comorbidities was 11.8%. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, heart rate, marital status, and education level were correlated with the comorbidities (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, marital status, BMI and heart rate were correlated with three diseases comorbidities (P<0.05) . Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia is higher than that of hypertension and diabetes, and dyslipidemia is dominated by hypercholesterolemia. The comorbidities of dyslipidemia and hypertension are the most common among the three diseases comorbidities, and the elderly, males and people with high BMI should be prioritized for the three diseases co-management.

Keywords

• dyslipidemia|hypertension|diabetes mellitus|multiple chronic conditions|kazakh|root cause analysis