The Effect Sizes of PPARγ rs1801282, FTO rs9939609, and MC4R rs2229616 Variants on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk among the Western Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Prospective Study

Sherin Bakhashab; Najlaa Filimban; Rana  M. Altall; Rami Nassir; Safaa  Y. Qusti; Mohammed  H. Alqahtani; Adel  M. Abuzenadah; Ashraf Dallol

doi:10.3390/genes11010098

Genes (Jan 2020)

The Effect Sizes of PPARγ rs1801282, FTO rs9939609, and MC4R rs2229616 Variants on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk among the Western Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Prospective Study

Sherin Bakhashab,
Najlaa Filimban,
Rana M. Altall,
Rami Nassir,
Safaa Y. Qusti,
Mohammed H. Alqahtani,
Adel M. Abuzenadah,
Ashraf Dallol

Affiliations

Sherin Bakhashab: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80218, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Najlaa Filimban: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80218, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Rana M. Altall: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80218, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Rami Nassir: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
Safaa Y. Qusti: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80218, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed H. Alqahtani: Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Adel M. Abuzenadah: Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Ashraf Dallol: Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11010098
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 11, no. 1
p. 98

Abstract

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common polygenic disease with associated comorbidities. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of T2DM. The aim of this study is to determine the allele and genotype frequency of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) rs1801282, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) rs9939609, and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) rs2229616 polymorphisms and their association with risk of T2DM in the western Saudi population as mediators of adiposity phenotypes. In a cross-sectional prospective study, genomic DNA from control and T2DM patients were isolated and genotyped for these single-nucleotide polymorphisms. There was a significant association of the MC4R rs2229616 variant with T2DM, but no association with T2DM was detected with PPARγ rs1801282 or FTO rs9939609. The combination of C/C for PPARγ rs1801282, A/A for FTO rs9939609, and C/C for MC4R rs2229616 increased the risk of T2DM by 1.82. The A/T genotype for FTO rs9939609 was predicted to decrease the risk of T2DM when combined with C/C for PPARγ rs1801282 and C/C for MC4R rs2229616 or C/C for PPARγ rs1801282 and C/T MC4R rs2229616. In conclusion, our study showed the risk of the assessed variants for the development of T2DM in the Saudi population.

Published in Genes

ISSN: 2073-4425 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Biology (General): Genetics
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/genes/

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