Association of central obesity with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in North Indian population: A case - control study

Abstract

Background: Central obesity is a leading cause of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Central obesity may act as an independent predictor for CVD. Aim and Objectives: To study the correlation of central obesity among obese patients with the risk factors for CVD. Material and Methods: In this case-control study, 50 non-obese and 50 obese subjects aged between 30-70 years were enrolled. Biochemical parameters: Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) and Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C) were estimated along with Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). Value of p less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean of FBS, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C, SBP, DBP, BMI, and WC were significantly raised in obese compared to non-obese (p<0.01). However, the mean of HDL-C was significantly low in obese compared to non-obese (p<0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between age and WC (r=0.426, p<0.01), TC and TG (r=0.628, p<0.01), TC and LDL-C (r=0.934, p<0.01), TG and LDL-C (r=0.647, p<0.01) among obese. However, a significant negative correlation was found between TC and HDL-C (r=-0.453, p<0.01), TG and HDL-C (r=-0.323, p<0.05), and HDL-C and LDL-C (r=-0.510, p<0.01) among obese. Linear regression analysis model was found significant. Conclusion: Result showed that WC is an independent predictive marker for CVD. Further study is needed in larger sample to strengthen the hypothesis.

Keywords

• body mass index
• cardiovascular disease
• diastolic blood pressure
• fasting blood sugar
• systolic blood pressure
• waist circumference