General practice and cardiac arrest community first response in Ireland

Abstract

Background: In Ireland, the MERIT 3 scheme enables doctors to volunteer as cardiac arrest community first responders and receive text message alerts from emergency medical services (EMS) to facilitate early care. Aim: To establish the sustainability, systems and clinical outcomes of a novel, general practice based, cardiac arrest first response initiative over a four-year period. Methods: Data on alerts, responses, incidents and outcomes were gathered prospectively using EMS control data, incident data reported by responders and corroborative data from the national Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry. Results: Over the period 2016–2019, 196 doctors joined MERIT 3 and 163 (83.2%) were alerted on one or more occasions; 61.3% of those alerted responded to at least one alert. Volunteer doctors attended 300 patients of which 184 (61.3%) had suffered OHCA and had a resuscitation attempt. Responders arrived to OHCA before EMS on 75 occasions (40.8%), initiated chest compressions on seven occasions (3.8%), and brought the first defibrillator on 42 occasions (22.8%). Information on the first monitored rhythm was available for 149/184 (81.0%) patients and was shockable in 30/149 (20.1%); in 9/30 cases, shocks were administered by responders. The overall survival rate was 11.0% (national survival rate 7.3%). Doctors also provided advanced life support and were closely involved in decision making on ceasing resuscitation. Conclusion: The MERIT 3 initiative in Ireland has been sustained over a four-year period and has demonstrated the ability of volunteer doctors to provide early care for OHCA patients as well as more complex interventions including end-of-life care. Further development of this strategy is warranted.

Keywords

• Emergency responders
• Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
• Primary healthcare
• General practice