Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Global Open (Apr 2019)

Consensus Opinions on Facial Beauty and Implications for Aesthetic Treatment in Middle Eastern Women

  • Mohamad Kashmar, MD,
  • Mohammed A. Alsufyani, MD, FAACS,
  • Fariba Ghalamkarpour, MD,
  • Micheline Chalouhi, MD,
  • Ghanima Alomer, MD, FRCPC,
  • Sahar Ghannam, MD,
  • Hisham El Minawi, MD,
  • Babek Saedi, MD,
  • Nahla Hunter, MD,
  • Abeer Alkobaisi, MD,
  • Karim Rafla, MBBCh, MSc, MRCS,
  • Shadi Zari, MD, FRCPC,
  • Mohamed Abdel Razzak Elsayed, MD, MRCS, MSc,
  • Firas Hamdan, MD,
  • Samantha Santangelo, PhD,
  • Mohamed Khater, MD, MS, MBA,
  • John D. Rogers, MD, MPH

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000002220
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 7, no. 4
p. e2220

Abstract

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Background:. Middle Eastern women worldwide increasingly seek aesthetic treatment to enhance their beauty and improve self-esteem, but literature describing standards of beauty across the Middle East are scarce. Knowledge of facial anthropometry and Middle Eastern subregional beauty preferences and aesthetic weaknesses are key to develop an effective facial enhancement strategy that does not jeopardize ethnic identity or facial harmony. Methods:. Dermatologists and plastic surgeons from 8 Middle Eastern countries who had 7.5–25 (mean 13.5) years of experience in aesthetic medicine examined female Middle Eastern beauty in 4 geographic subregions: the Gulf (comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), Iran, Lebanon, and Egypt. They developed consensus opinions regarding facial beauty, aesthetic deficiencies, and injectable treatment solutions. Results:. Facial anthropometry differs between Middle Eastern and Western women, and also within the region. Although subregional differences are seen, beauty is generally recognized by an oval or round face; temple fullness; pronounced, elevated, arched eyebrows; large almond-shaped eyes; well-defined, laterally full cheeks; a small, straight nose; full lips; a well-defined jawline; and a prominent, pointed chin. The relative prominence of the nose necessitates attention to the lips and the shape and projection of the chin. Aging is often accompanied by midface sagging that leads to increased heaviness in the lower facial third. Conclusions:. Middle Eastern beauty is characterized by striking eyes, defined cheeks, and full lips. These consensus opinions inform aesthetic practitioners who treat Middle Eastern women worldwide about their aesthetic ideals and the implications for treatment.