Left homonymous hemianopia as an atypical manifestation of isolated pachymeningeal metastasis secondary to breast cancer: Case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women and is caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of breast cells. Metastases from breast cancer to the central nervous system have been described frequently in the literature, but dural metastases without cerebral parenchymal involvement are rarely reported. The latter condition is known as isolated pachymeningeal metastasis (IPM). Herein, we report the case of a 52-year-old female patient who presented left homonymous hemianopia secondary to a right occipital lobe injury which was compressed by a dural thickening identified on brain MRI. Etiological investigations revealed suspicious breast lesions on chest CT scan. Anatomopathological examination of these lesions was consistent with luminal breast cancer. The diagnosis of IPM following breast cancer was confirmed, and the patient underwent chemotherapy treatment.

Keywords

• Dural metastasis
• Breast cancer
• Homonymous hemianopia
• Luminal breast cancer
• Isolated pachymeningeal metastasis
• Carcinomatous meningitis