Effect of Particle Size and Lattice Strain on the Debye-Waller Factors of Copper (Cu) Powder Using High Energed Ball Mill

Abstract

Lattice strains in Cu powder produced by milling have been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction. The lattice strain (ε) and Debye-Waller factor (B) are determined from the half-widths and integrated intensities of the Bragg reflections. In Cu, the Debye-Waller factor is found to increase with the lattice strain. From the correlation between the strain and effective Debye-Waller factor, the Debye-Waller factors for zero strain have been estimated for Cu. The variation of energy of vacancy formation as a function of lattice strain has been studied.

Keywords

• X-ray diffraction
• lattice strain
• crystallite size
• Debye-Waller factor
• vacancy formation energy.