International Journal of General Medicine (Nov 2018)
The impact of sarcopenic obesity on inflammation, lean body mass, and muscle strength in elderly women
Abstract
Dahan da Cunha Nascimento,1,2 Samuel da Cunha Oliveira,1 Denis Cesar Leite Vieira,2,3 Silvana Schwerz Funghetto,4 Alessandro Oliveira Silva,5,6 Renato Valduga,7 Brad Jon Schoenfeld,8 Jonato Prestes1 1Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, Brazil; 2Department of Physical Education, University Center of the Federal District (UDF), Brasilia, Brazil; 3Department of Physical Education, University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasilia, Brazil; 4Department of Nursing, University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasilia, Brazil; 5University Center of Brasilia (UniCEUB), Brasilia, Brazil; 6Department of Medicine and Physical Education, Integrated Colleges of the Central Plateau Educational Union (FACIPLAC), Brasilia, Brazil; 7Department of Physiotherapy, Secretary of State for Health of the Federal District, Emergency Unit, Ceilandia Regional Hospital, Brasilia, Brazil; 8Department of Health Sciences, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA Objective: The objective of this study was to apply the newly standardized definition for sarcopenia from the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and the current definition for obesity to 1) determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in obese elderly women; 2) compare the muscle strength, lean body mass, and markers of inflammation between obese elderly women with SO and nonsarcopenic obesity (NSO), and 3) elucidate the relationship between appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index (aLM/BMI) with muscle strength, lean body mass, and obesity indices. Methods: A total of 64 elderly obese women (age: 68.35±6.04 years) underwent body composition analysis by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Participants were classified into two groups according to the definition of SO and NSO. Blood samples were collected for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, uric acid, urea, interleukin-6 (IL-6), glucose, and creatine kinase (CK) measurements. Results: The SO group presented a significantly greater BMI, fat (%), glucose, a marginal trend toward significance for uric acid, and IL-6 compared to the NSO group. In addition, the SO group displayed lower values for muscle strength and lean body mass. From a correlation standpoint, a higher aLM/BMI was positively associated with lean body mass and muscle strength and negatively associated with a lower BMI and percentage body fat. Conclusion: The definition criteria from FNIH and obesity permit the ability to illustrate the prevalence and identify SO in elderly women with low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and impaired markers of inflammation. Keywords: aging, fat mass, muscles, obesity, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obese
