Известия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион: Естественные науки (Dec 2020)
POLYVARIANT DEVELOPMENT OF SALIX VIMINALIS SHOOTS ON THE BACKGROUND OF EXCESSIVE ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDIFICATION
Abstract
Background. Basket willow – Salix viminalis – a highly productive type of willows that is used to create raw material plantations. The necessity of studying the intraclonal variability of seasonal dynamics of daily shoots increment is justified. The purpose of the research is to identify the possible influence of excessive atmospheric humidification (such as periodic cloudbursts) on the dynamics of S. viminalis shoot development. Materials and methods. The object of the research is a model inbred-clonal population of S. viminalis. The origin of the founders is an autochthonous population of S. viminalis in the Bryansk forest area. The materials are increasing annual shoots of one-year saplings from cuttings. To obtain and process the initial data, a set of methods of experimental botany, chronobiology, and analysis of time series were used. Results. On loamy gray forest soils on the background of excessive atmospheric humidification, the annual growth of shoots of experimental clones was 130–200 cm with an average daily growth of 1,4–1,5 cm/day and a maximum growth of up to 3,1–3,3 cm/day. The seasonal trend of daily growth was characterized by negative dynamics. The cyclical nature of the seasonal dynamics of the daily increase with an interval between peaks of about 20 days was revealed. The established cyclicity is related to the periodicity of torrential rain. Intraclonal polyvariance of shoot morphogenesis and intraclonal discreteness of shoot development trajectories were revealed. Conclusions. Under the experimental conditions, the studied clones of S. viminalis showed a fairly high productivity along the length of the shoots. The dynamics of daily growth is determined by the interaction of seasonal trends and cyclical fluctuations. The frequency of torrential rain has a modulating effect on the cyclicity of daily increment. The results are recommended to be taken into account when designing and creating raw plantations of basket willow to obtain consistently high yields of biomass.
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