Ultrasonic Accelerated Efficient Synthesis of (1H-tetrazole-5-yl) Pyrazines Catalyzed by MgFe2O4 Nanoparticles as a Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst

Abstract

An efficient synthesis of (1H-tetrazole-5-yl) pyrazines is achieved by one pot multi- component coupling reaction of α-dicarbonyl compounds, 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile and sodium azide using MgFe2O4 nanoparticles as a robust catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. This novel synthesic method using MgFe2O4 nanoparticles is easier, faster than that of using other nanoparicles. MgFe2O4 nanoparticles have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The attractive advantages of the present process are atom economy, wide range of products, high catalytic activity, excellent yields, short reaction times and simple operational procedures. Use of simple and readily available starting materials, experimental simplicity, applying the sono-chemical methodology as an efficient method and innocuous means of activation in synthetic chemistry are some properties of this protocol. The reusability of the MgFe2O4 nanoparticles catalyst was examined and it was found that product yields decreased to a small extent on each reuse. The possibility of performing multicomponent reactions with a green catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation plays a prominent role in green chemistry.

Keywords

• pyrazines
• mgfe2o4 nanoparticles
• ultrasonic irradiation
• heterogeneous catalysts