F11R/JAM-A: why do platelets express a molecule which is also present in tight junctions?

Abstract

F11 receptor (F11R)/Junctional Adhesion Molecule –A (JAM-A) is a transmembrane protein which belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. F11R/JAM-A is present in epithelial cells, endothelial cells, leukocytes, and blood platelets. In epithelial and endothelial cells, it takes part in the formation of tight junctions. In these structures, molecules of F11R/JAM-A located on adjacent cells form homodimers and thus take part in stabilization of cellular layer integrity. In leukocytes, F11R/JAM-A was shown to play role in their transmigration through the vascular wall. Paradoxically, the function of F11R/JAM-A in blood platelets, where it was primarily discovered, is much less understood. It has been proven to regulate downstream signaling of αIIbβ3 integrin and to mediate platelet adhesion under static conditions. It was also shown to contribute to transient interactions of platelets with inflamed vascular wall. The review is aimed at summarizing the current state of knowledge of the platelet pool of F11R/JAM-A. The article also presents perspectives of the future research to better understand the role of this protein in hemostasis, thrombosis, and other processes where blood platelets are involved.

Keywords

• endothelium
• f11r/jam-a
• inflammation
• platelets
• thrombus
• tight junctions