Immunological status features in patients with tuberculosis/HIV co-infection

Abstract

Aim. Immunological status of the Tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients determines course of the disease and treatment results. Method and results. Immune status in 85 patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis at co-infection was studied. CD4+- lymphocytes level in 1 mсL of blood was determined with flow cytofluorimetry method. It was found that in the most part of patients (57.4%) with newly diagnosed tuberculosis HIV and TB were diagnosed at the same time and only 11.1% of patients received antiretroviral therapy before TB diagnostics. In 39.1 % of cases with newly diagnosed tuberculosis at HIV length of the period of HIV-positive status official registration was up to 1 year. CD4+-lymphocytes level was less than 200 cells/mcl in 62.9% of cases, and less than 50 cells/mcL - in 38.9%. This indicated a low level of active HIV detection among population and late start of the treatment. The number of patients with tuberculosis relapses at HIV in the deep immunosuppression stage was less (51.6%, only in 19.3% of whom CD4+-lymphocytes quantity was less than 50 cells/mcL) than that one at newly diagnosed tuberculosis at HIV. It can be explained by much greater percentage of HIV-positive status detection before tuberculosis relapse diagnosis (in 70.9% and 86.4% of patients suffered from HIV for more than 1 year) and more frequent and timely antiretroviral therapy appointment, that was assigned to 31.5% of patients. Conclusion. Frequency of such clinical forms as infiltrative and disseminated TB statistically significantly increased in co-infected patients with a decrease of the number of CD4+-lymphocytes

Keywords

• Сoinfection Tuberculosis/HIV
• CD4+-Lymphocyte Count