Microplastic Interference with Fipronil Toxicity to Zebrafish Embryonic Development
Flavio Kiyoshi Tominaga,
Rafaella Silva Brito,
Isis Wanessa Ferreira dos Santos,
Amanda de Azevedo Valle,
Gisele Giannocco,
Rui Monteiro de Barros Maciel,
Fábio Kummrow,
Marilia Cristina Oliveira Souza,
Ana Carolina Luchiari,
Bruno Fiorelini Pereira
Affiliations
Flavio Kiyoshi Tominaga
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Rafaella Silva Brito
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Isis Wanessa Ferreira dos Santos
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Amanda de Azevedo Valle
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Gisele Giannocco
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Rui Monteiro de Barros Maciel
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Fábio Kummrow
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo—Campus Diadema, São Paulo 09972-270, São Paulo, Brazil
Marilia Cristina Oliveira Souza
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-020, São Paulo, Brazil
Ana Carolina Luchiari
FishLab, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Bruno Fiorelini Pereira
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-000, São Paulo, Brazil
Environmental contamination from mixtures of chemical substances and materials resulting from anthropogenic activities has adverse effects on aquatic biota. Fipronil (FP) is an insecticide widely used in agriculture and public health and is frequently detected in environmental compartments. Microplastics (MPs) represent another class of contaminants that have raised concerns due to their ability to adsorb pollutants, potentially acting as a vector. This study evaluated the influence of polyethylene microplastics on the toxicity of FP in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos/larvae. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to aqueous suspension containing purified FP and the FP + MP mixtures for 120 h. Mortality, teratogenicity and cardiotoxicity were observed during the zebrafish development. Larvae were more sensitive to FP than the embryo. The presence of MPs reduced lethality; however, no significant changes were observed for sublethal endpoints. Our findings demonstrate the acute impact of FP on zebrafish embryos/larvae, demonstrating that MPs interfere with toxicity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of interaction between contaminants of different classes is essential for predicting the associated risks to biota.
