International Journal of Nanomedicine (Feb 2023)
An Overview of Drug Delivery Nanosystems for Sepsis-Related Liver Injury Treatment
Abstract
Yi Lu,1,* Yi Shi,1,* Qian Wu,1 Xin Sun,1 Wei-Zhen Zhang,1 Xiao-Ling Xu,2 Wei Chen1 1ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Chen, ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South WanPing Road, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-64385700-3522, Email [email protected] Xiao-Ling Xu, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, 8 Shuren Street, Hangzhou, 310015, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Sepsis, which is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, has high morbidity and mortality. Sepsis-related liver injury is one of the manifestations of sepsis-induced multiple organ syndrome. To date, an increasing number of studies have shown that the hepatic inflammatory response, oxidative stress, microcirculation coagulation dysfunction, and bacterial translocation play extremely vital roles in the occurrence and development of sepsis-related liver injury. In the clinic, sepsis-related liver injury is mainly treated by routine empirical methods on the basis of the primary disease. However, these therapies have some shortcomings, such as serious side effects, short duration of drug effects and lack of specificity. The emergence of drug delivery nanosystems can significantly improve drug bioavailability and reduce toxic side effects. In this paper, we reviewed drug delivery nanosystems designed for the treatment of sepsis-related liver injury according to their mechanisms (hepatic inflammation response, oxidative stress, coagulation dysfunction in the microcirculation, and bacterial translocation). Although much promising progress has been achieved, translation into clinical practice is still difficult. To this end, we also discussed the key issues currently facing this field, including immune system rejection and single treatment modalities. Finally, with the rigorous optimization of nanotechnology and the deepening of research, drug delivery nanosystems have great potential for the treatment of sepsis-related liver injury.Keywords: sepsis, liver-injury, drug delivery nanosystems, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, bacterial translocation
