Based on introducing the technical characteristics of FY-3G, which is China's first precipitation measurement satellite and successfully launched at 09∶36 BT on April 16 in 2023, this paper focuses on the precipitation detection capabilities and application prospect in rainstorm monitoring of FY-3G. The results show that, with an orbit at 407 km and an inclination angle of 50°, and equipped with a dual-frequency Ka/Ku band precipitation measurement radar, microwave, and optical imaging instruments, the FY-3G satellite can detect the three-dimensional structure of disastrous weather systems such as typhoon, heavy rainfall, and other strong convection events in most of China. At the design level, FY-3G has precipitation detection capabilities comparable to the current US Second Generation Global Precipitation Measurement Program (GPM) Core Satellite (GPMCO), but better payload types, quantities, and channel settings compared with the GPMCO satellite. After the service operation, the FY-3G satellite, together with other polar-orbiting meteorological satellites such as FY-3 AM, PM, and EM, as well as high-orbit geostationary satellites, will form the Fengyun precipitation detection constellation system, which will improve the overall precipitation detection capability of the Fengyun Satellite constellation and provide stronger basic support for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.
