The impact of the empowerment program of female-headed refugee households on their self-esteem, self-efficacy, hope and attributional styles

Abstract

Background: Mental health of female-headed refugee households is a human right. Aims: The present study aims at inspecting the impact of the empowerment program of female-headed refugee households on their self-esteem, self-efficacy, hope, and attributional styles. The study is a semi-experimental one with two groups: experimental and control. Methods: 50 refugee single mothers, who were willing to participate in the study, were chosen. They were randomly assigned into two groups. The instruments for the study were Rogers’ self-concept questionnaire (1938-1975), Peterson, Semmel, von Baeyer attributional styles questionnaire (1982), Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale questionnaire (1965), Sherer et.al. General self-efficacy scale (1982), Schneider’s life expectancy questionnaire (1991). The pre-test was conducted in both groups. The experimental group received eight sessions of empowerment program of female-headed refugee households, which was designed by Toosi (2020), using qualitative studies. The duration of each session was 90 minutes. Mixed analysis of variance was used. Results: The findings of the study indicated that empowerment teaching programs have a significant effect (p<0.05) on self-esteem, self-concept, hope, and attributional styles of female-headed refugee households. Conclusion: Thus, this empowerment program can be used to improve female-headed refugee households' psychological conditions.

Keywords

• empowerment program
• refugees
• female - headed households
• self-esteem
• self-efficacy
• hope
• attributional styles