Мелиорация и гидротехника (Nov 2024)

JUSTIFICATION OF DRIP EMITTER FLOW RATE AND DETERMINATION OF EROSION-SAFE DRIP IRRIGATION DURATION OF SOUTHERN CHERNOZEMS

  • Viktor N. Shkura,
  • Aleksandr V. Kolganov,
  • Andrey S. Shtanko

DOI
https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2024-14-4-62-80
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 4
pp. 62 – 80

Abstract

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Purpose: to study erosion-safe values of emitter flow rate and drip irrigation duration using southern chernozems as an example and to develop a methodology for their justification. Materials and methods. The field research data carried out on four experimental sites with southern chernozems as a soil cover were the experimental base of the scientific work. The following influencing factors were considered: granulometric composition, minimum moisture capacity, soil density, pre-irrigation and post-irrigation soil moisture. The condition of formation of puddles with a diameter of 0.1 m on the soil surface was adopted as a criterion for determining the maximum values of emitter flow rate and drip irrigation duration. Results. The first stage of the study examined the influence of soil conditions and emitter flow rate on the moisture contour depth. The second stage of the study examined the influence of soil conditions and emitter flow rate on the value of the pre-runoff duration of drip irrigation. At the third stage, the influence of pre-irrigation soil moisture on the value of the permissible emitter flow rate was studied. In the process of analyzing the results of experimental studies, the presence of a close correlation between the erosion-safe value of the emitter flow rate and the factors of influence taken into account was determined, and empirical dependencies describing this relationship were obtained. Comparison of the calculated values of the drip irrigation parameters according to the obtained empirical dependencies with the experimental values showed a deviation of no more than 10 %. Conclusions. The technique for determining erosion-safe values of the emitter flow rate and the duration of drip irrigation that correspond to the conditions and parameters of drip irrigation, based on the established dependencies, was developed. Theoretical testing of this technique on typical examples of drip-irrigated areas showed its efficiency and acceptability for practical application.

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